A root canal treatment, also known as endodontic therapy, is a dental procedure that was developed to diagnose and treat damaged tooth pulp. The procedure involves removing any infected pulp, followed by thoroughly cleaning and disinfecting the root canal, and finally filling and sealing it to protect against further infection.

Root canal treatments are typically required for a number of reasons, including tooth pulp that is infected or inflamed because of serious decay, any chips or cracks in the tooth, injury or trauma, or repeated dental procedures. The procedure aims to save the tooth from extraction and alleviate pain caused by the infection.

Common signs that may indicate the need for a root canal treatment include sensitivity to temperatures, both hot and cold, a serious and persistent toothache, tender or swollen gums, a persistent pimple on the gum, and discoloration of the tooth. However, only a dental professional can accurately diagnose the need for a root canal treatment.

An endodontist is a dental specialist who focuses on diagnosing and treating dental pulp and root canal-related issues. They receive additional training beyond dental school to become experts in performing root canal treatments and other endodontic procedures.

The duration of a root canal treatment depends on the complexity of the case and the tooth that requires treatment. Typically, most root canal treatments are completed over the course of one or up to three appointments; each one lasting between one hour to 90 minutes.

The root canal treatment itself is performed under local anesthesia, which ensures that you should not feel any pain during the procedure. However, you may experience some discomfort or sensitivity in the treated area in the days following the treatment. This can usually be managed with over-the-counter pain medications.

In most cases, the only alternative to a root canal treatment is tooth extraction. However, it is generally recommended to save the natural tooth whenever possible, as tooth extraction can lead to other complications and may require additional dental work, such as a dental implant or bridge.

Root canal treatments have a high success rate, with over 90% of cases being successful. However, the success of the treatment depends on various factors, such as the severity of the infection, the tooth's condition, and proper follow-up care, including restoration of the tooth with a dental crown or filling.

When you’re prescribed endodontic therapy or a root canal, you need to follow through with treatment, regardless of whether or not the pain has dissipated. Unfortunately, dental pain can come and go, which is why your tooth should not be left untreated. Like any other problem, ignoring or putting off a solution will likely lead to more dental issues.